glass-steagall act การใช้

• But the quid pro quo was the glass - steagall act of 1933 , which separated the roles of commercial and investment banking
• In the u . s . , the separation of commercial banking and investment banking was set down in the " glass - steagall act " following the economic crisis in 1929 - 1933
• In november 1999 , with abolishment of the 66 years implemented the glass - steagall act and adoption of the gramm - leach - bliley act in replacement , the united states has legally ensured the establishment of financial universal operation model and has declared the world has entered into a new era of universal operation
• Part iii : the author analyses the modes of separating and combi - nating from fairness , right , result , safety , cost and so on , using the glass - steagall act and financial services modernization act of 1999 including their favourite operating modes . in this part , the author refute the grounds for separating , so as to advocate a policy of combinating
• Wall street ' s sensitivity to charges that it operates as an underwriting oligopoly dates back at least to the glass - steagall act of 1933 when commercial banks were forced to sell or close their underwriting business , in effect reinforcing the franchises of “ bulge - bracket ” securities firms
• In 1998 , citibank and travelers group merged into citigroup , which then became a financial holding company providing all kinds of financial services through its subsidiaries . the " financial services act of 1999 " repeals the " glass - steagall act " prohibitions on banks affiliating with securities firms , permitting holding companies to engage in securities underwriting and dealing , without limitation , as well as sponsoring and distributing mutual funds . it creates a framework that will permit the banking , securities , and insurance industries to compete more efficiently and effectively while improving consumer access to financial services , protecting investors , and ensuring a safe and sound banking system
• The " separation system " , which came into being after the " glass - steagall act " , represents the separation of commercial banking , investment banking and insurance services . the " combination system " , which is just the opposite concept , has two meanings . one relates to the combination of financial services in the same legal person , while the other relates to the combination of shareholding rights of several subsidiaries providing difference services